Prometheus can run as a Docker Container with a UI available on port 9090. Prometheus uses the configuration to scrape the targets, collect and store the metrics before making them available via API that allows dashboards, graphing and alerting.

Task

The following command launches the container with the prometheus configuration. Any data created by prometheus will be stored on the host, in the directory /prometheus/data. When we update the container, the data will be persisted.

docker run -d --net=host \
    -v /root/prometheus.yml:/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml \
    --name prometheus-server \
    prom/prometheus

Once started, the dashboard is viewable on port 9090. The next steps will explain the details and how to view the data.

To collect metrics related to a node it's required to run a Prometheus Node Exporter. Prometheus has many exporters that are designed to output metrics for a particular system, such as Postgres or MySQL.

Task

Launch the Node Exporter container. By mounting the host /proc and /sys directory, the container has accessed to the necessary information to report on.

docker run -d \
  -v "/proc:/host/proc" \
  -v "/sys:/host/sys" \
  -v "/:/rootfs" \
  --net="host" \
  --name=prometheus \
  quay.io/prometheus/node-exporter:v0.13.0 \
    -collector.procfs /host/proc \
    -collector.sysfs /host/sys \
    -collector.filesystem.ignored-mount-points "^/(sys|proc|dev|host|etc)($|/)"

If you're interested in seeing the raw metrics, they can be viewed with curl localhost:9100/metrics

With the containers launched, Prometheus will scrape and store the data based on the internals in the configuration.

Dashboards

The default Prometheus Dashboard reports internal information and provides a way to debug the metrics being collected. The dashboard can be viewed here

The dashboard will report the status of the scraping and the different targets at via the /targets page.

When running in production, you may wish to build a dashboard using Grafana, or a hosted Prometheus instance such as Weave Cortex.

Query Prometheus

To query the underlying metrics and create graphs, visit the graph page on the Dashboard at https://[[HOST_SUBDOMAIN]]-9090-[[KATACODA_HOST]].environments.katacoda.com/graph

From here different metrics are queryable based on their name.

For example, querying for node_network_receive_bytes will show how active the disk IO is. Querying using node_cpu will output the Docker Hosts CPU information.

All the metrics scraped from the metrics endpoint are viewable.